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10 november 2025, 13:09 мск

A repeat of the highest X-level flare occurred on the Sun.

Solar flare X1.21 of November 10, 2025
Solar flare X1.21 of November 10, 2025

So far, this is very preliminary information. A repeat solar flare of the highest magnitude X was recorded, occurring in the same solar region 4274. Maximum emission was recorded at 12:19 Moscow time. The measured magnitude at the peak was X1.21. Yesterday's event had a magnitude of X1.79, so, purely formally, this explosion is weaker.

Now, informally. This flare, unlike yesterday's, shows a very slow decline in emission and peaked at something more like a plateau than a peak. This is ALWAYS a sign of a very strong plasma ejection, and the longer the plateau lasts, the stronger the ejection. In fact, this plateau is created by the ejection, not the flare. Second, the ejection from yesterday's X-level flare is currently propagating toward Earth; it is expected to arrive on November 11-12. Since the new ejection is initially faster than the previous one, it can overtake and absorb the first, adding its impact to it. This "cannibalism" is typical of plasma clouds ejected one after another, and is somewhat similar to the effect in running and cycling, when the participant in front loses energy fighting the resistance of the environment, and as a result, the participants starting later catch up. In this case, the second ejection chased the first through cleared and open interplanetary space.

In short, there's plenty to think about and calculate.

As new information becomes available, as we did yesterday, we'll post it.

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Laboratory of Solar Astronomy,SRI RAS

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